Linux查看硬盘S.M.A.R.T信息

前言

在Windows操作系统下,我们可以通过CrystalDiskInfo查看。这是一个日本人的开源项目,基于MIT许可证。

官网:https://crystalmark.info/

一看就知道非常二次元

然而该软件只支持Windows操作系统(连macOS都不支持)

工具介绍

作为一名Linux用户,想要查看硬盘的S.M.A.R.T.也不是不行,只是需要一个命令即可查看

1
smartctl [options] device

使用smartctl需要安装smartmontools

Ubuntu

1
sudo apt install smartmontools

Arch Linux

1
sudo pacman -S smartmontools

openSUSE

1
sudo zypper install smartmontools

使用

输入smartctl -h和查看使用说明

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.0.9-arch1-1] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

Usage: smartctl [options] device

============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====

-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit

-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Print license, copyright, and version information and exit

-i, --info
Show identity information for device

--identify[=[w][nvb]]
Show words and bits from IDENTIFY DEVICE data (ATA)

-g NAME, --get=NAME
Get device setting: all, aam, apm, dsn, lookahead, security,
wcache, rcache, wcreorder, wcache-sct

-a, --all
Show all SMART information for device

-x, --xall
Show all information for device

--scan
Scan for devices

--scan-open
Scan for devices and try to open each device

================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====

-j, --json[=cgiosuvy]
Print output in JSON or YAML format

-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)
Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent, noserial

-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specify device type to one of:
ata, scsi[+TYPE], nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, sntasmedia, sntjmicron[,NSID], sntrealtek, intelliprop,N[+TYPE], jmb39x[-q],N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE], jms56x,N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE], marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test

-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)
Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive

-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)
Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore

-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Report transactions (see man page)

-n MODE[,STATUS[,STATUS2]], --nocheck=MODE[,STATUS[,STATUS2]] (ATA, SCSI)
No check if: never, sleep, standby, idle (see man page)

============================== DEVICE FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS =====

-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE
Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)

-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)

-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)

-s NAME[,VALUE], --set=NAME[,VALUE]
Enable/disable/change device setting: aam,[N|off], apm,[N|off],
dsn,[on|off], lookahead,[on|off], security-freeze,
standby,[N|off|now], wcache,[on|off], rcache,[on|off],
wcreorder,[on|off[,p]], wcache-sct,[ata|on|off[,p]]

======================================= READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS =====

-H, --health
Show device SMART health status

-c, --capabilities (ATA, NVMe)
Show device SMART capabilities

-A, --attributes
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values

-f FORMAT, --format=FORMAT (ATA)
Set output format for attributes: old, brief, hex[,id|val]

-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest], background,
sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset], scttemp[sts,hist],
scttempint,N[,p], scterc[,N,M][,p|reset], devstat[,N], defects[,N],
ssd, gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE], nvmelog,N,SIZE
tapedevstat, zdevstat, envrep

-v N,OPTION , --vendorattribute=N,OPTION (ATA)
Set display OPTION for vendor Attribute N (see man page)

-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE (ATA)
Use firmware bug workaround:
none, nologdir, samsung, samsung2, samsung3, xerrorlba, swapid

-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE (ATA)
Drive-specific presets: use, ignore, show, showall

-B [+]FILE, --drivedb=[+]FILE (ATA)
Read and replace [add] drive database from FILE
[default is +/etc/smart_drivedb.h
and then /usr/share/smartmontools/drivedb.h]

============================================ DEVICE SELF-TEST OPTIONS =====

-t TEST, --test=TEST
Run test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]

-C, --captive
Do test in captive mode (along with -t)

-X, --abort
Abort any non-captive test on device

=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====

smartctl --all /dev/sda (Prints all SMART information)

smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/sda
(Enables SMART on first disk)

smartctl --test=long /dev/sda (Executes extended disk self-test)

smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/sda
(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twl0
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda
(Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort
of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=areca,3/1 /dev/sg2
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk of the 1st enclosure
on Areca RAID controller)

内容有点多,将几个重要的

-a --all:显示所有信息

-i --info:显示硬盘基本信息

示例:

1
sudo smartctl -a /dev/nvme0n1p1

输出结果:

补充

其实如果你的桌面环境是KDE Plasma的话,你也可以通过Plasma自带的系统设置查看:


Linux查看硬盘S.M.A.R.T信息
https://amekiri.cn/2022/11/19/linux-disks-smart/
作者
Amekiri
发布于
2022年11月19日
许可协议